What Is Dual Coding Theory? Strengthening Reading and Comprehension
At Lindamood-Bell, our approach is grounded in Dual Coding Theory (DCT), a cognitive framework that demonstrates how the brain processes information. Developed by cognitive psychologist Allan Paivio, DCT posits that humans have both verbal and nonverbal systems for processing information. Verbal: Words, symbols, letters, phonemes, grammar, definitions, and mathematical notation. Nonverbal: Mental images, scenes,…
Addressing the Literacy Crisis: Proven Solutions for Individuals, Schools, and Districts
The latest National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) scores confirm an alarming reality: reading proficiency among American students continues to decline. According to the National Center for Education Statistics, the average reading score for fourth graders in 2024 dropped two points from 2022 and five points from 2019, highlighting an urgent need for effective interventions….
Effective Reading Comprehension Strategies for Student Success
Reading comprehension requires the ability to understand and interpret text including using key skills like memory, vocabulary, and critical thinking. Some traditional teaching methods may address these areas, however, Lindamood-Bell’s unique sensory-cognitive approach focuses on explicitly developing concept imagery—the ability to create an imaged gestalt (whole) from oral and written language. Concept imagery is…
Understanding Reading Fluency for All Students
Reading fluency is essential for making reading both enjoyable and meaningful. Fluent reading begins with a strong foundation in decoding and vocabulary. When students develop and strengthen the sensory-cognitive skills that are the foundation of reading fluency, they read more accurately and build confidence in their abilities. Lindamood-Bell provides educators with evidence-based instructional programs…
Effective Reading Strategies for Students with Dyslexia
Supporting students with dyslexia demands customized approaches that cater to their unique challenges. At Lindamood-Bell, we recognize the difficulties dyslexic learners encounter and are dedicated to empowering both students and educators with evidence-based solutions. This article explores effective reading strategies that enhance skills and boost confidence for individuals with dyslexia. Understanding Dyslexia Dyslexia is…
Unlocking Student Potential with a Science of Reading-Aligned Curriculum
In today’s educational environment, the Science of Reading is a critical framework for understanding how students learn to read. This evidence-based approach draws on decades of interdisciplinary research to inform the most effective literacy instruction. At Lindamood-Bell, we align with the principles of the Science of Reading and expand upon them, offering programs rooted…
5 Key Strategies for Effective Reading Intervention at Your School
Since 1986, Lindamood-Bell has partnered with educators and school systems to boost student achievement through professional development and evidence-based reading intervention. As an industry leader, we have helped struggling readers, including students with dyslexia, make meaningful gains in reading skills. Over the years, our collaborations have revealed key lessons and effective strategies for launching successful…
Seeing Stars® Recognized by IES What Works Clearinghouse: A Milestone for Evidence-Based Reading Instruction
The Seeing Stars®: Symbol Imagery for Phonological and Orthographic Processing in Reading and Spelling program, authored by Lindamood-Bell co-founder Nanci Bell, has earned a place on the What Works Clearinghouse (WWC), a trusted resource established by the Institute of Education Sciences (IES). This recognition is a significant milestone for educators, administrators, and families seeking effective,…
Arizona Dept. of Education Selects the Seeing Stars, Visualizing and Verbalizing, and LiPS Programs as Approved Interventions for the Move On When Reading Initiative
After a recent Arizona Department of Education review, Lindamood-Bell is honored to announce that the Seeing Stars, Visualizing and Verbalizing, and LiPS programs continue to meet all K-3 reading intervention requirements under Move On When Reading. Intervention programs selected for the initiative are recognized as meeting one of the top three evidence tiers, as…
The Benefits of Small Group Instruction
What is Small-Group Instruction? In small-group instruction, a teacher works with a select number of students, typically between two and six, at a similar academic level. This setup allows the teacher to tailor the instruction to the group’s specific needs, offering individualized support and guidance. By utilizing small-group instruction, students can experience a variety of…
