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Indirect/Outside Research

 
 

These peer-reviewed articles examine the effectiveness of Lindamood-Bell instruction and are published in scientific journals. Lindamood-Bell sensory-cognitive instruction was used as the intervention for the studies listed.

Below, you will find information on these research articles including references, abstracts, links to the articles in their entirety, and more.

Please email support.rd@lindamoodbell.com for assistance accessing any of the research on our website. The R&D Department also welcomes any further questions or comments.

Socioeconomic dissociations in the neural and cognitive bases of reading disorders

Childhood socioeconomic status (SES) strongly predicts disparities in reading development, yet it is unknown  whether early environments also moderate the cognitive and neurobiological bases of reading disorders (RD)  such as dyslexia, the most prevalent learning disability. SES-diverse 6–9-year-old children (n = 155, half with  RD) completed behavioral and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) tasks engaging…

Training Phonological Awareness with and without Explicit Attention to Articulation

Wise, B. W., Ring, J., & Olson, R. K. (1999). Training phonological awareness with and without explicit attention to articulation. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 72, 271-304. https://doi.org/10.1006/jecp.1999.2490 One hundred twenty-two second- to fifth-grade (7- to 11-year-old) children with reading difficulties studied phonological awareness with or without explicit attention to articulation and with or without…

Toward a Unified Theory of Reading

Sadoski, M., & Paivio, A. (2007). Toward a unified theory of reading. Scientific Studies of Reading, 11(4), 337-356. doi: 10.1080/10888430701530714 Despite nearly 40 years of scientific theorizing about reading, the field remains fragmented with little progress toward unification. In this article, we (a) emphasize the privileged position of unified theories in all science, (b) compare…

Phonological Awareness Intervention: Comparison of Fast ForWord, Earobics, and LiPS

Pokorni, J. L., Worthington, C. K., & Jamison, P. J. (2004). Phonological awareness intervention: comp;arison of Fast ForWord, Earobics, and LiPS. The Journal of Educational Research, 93(3), 147-157. https://doi.org/10.3200/JOER.97.3.147-158 Researchers have found that training in phonemic awareness (PA), a fundamental element for reading acquisition, is effective in varying degrees, depending on characteristics of the audience….

Reading intervention and neuroplasticity: A systematic review and meta-analysis of brain changes associated with reading intervention

Perdue, M. V., Mahaffy, K., Vlahcevic, K., Wolfman, E., Erbeli, F., Richlan, F., & Landi, N. (2021). Reading intervention and neuroplasticity: A systematic review and meta-analysis of brain changes associated with reading intervention. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 132 (2022), 465-494. doi: 10.1016/j.neurobiorev.2021.11.011 Behavioral research supports the efficacy of intervention for reading disability, but the brain…

Helping Students to Add Detail and Flair to Their Stories

Patel, P., & Laud, L. (2009). Helping students to add detail and flair to their stories. Preventing School Failure, 54: 1, 2-11. doi.org/10.3200/PSFL.54.1.2-11 This action research case study measured the effectiveness of a writing strategy designed to enhance imagery in stories that 3 students with severe writing difficulties (2 were identified as learning disabled, 1…

Computer-Based Remedial Training in Phoneme Awareness and Phonological Decoding: Effects on the Posttraining Development

Olson, R. K., Wise, B., Ring, J., & Johnson, M. (1997). Computer-based remedial training in phoneme awareness and phonological decoding: effects on the posttraining development of word recognition. Scientific Studies of Reading, 1(3), 235-253. This article reports results from 1- and 2-year follow-up tests for children with reading problems who had previously received 25 hr…

Genes, environment, and dyslexia: the 2005 Norman Geschwind Memorial Lecture.

Olson, R. K. (2006). Genes, environment, and dyslexia: the 2005 Norman Geschwind Memorial Lecture. Annals of Dyslexia, 56(2), 205-238. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11881-006-0010-6 This article presents an overview of some methods and results from our continuing  studies of genetic and environmental influences on dyslexia, and on individual differences across the normal range that have been conducted over the…

Exploring the potential of LiPS instruction for beginning readers

McIntyre, L., Protz, S., & McQuarrie, L. (2008). Exploring the potential of LiPS instruction for beginning readers. Developmental Disabilities Bulletin, 36:1&2, 18-48. https://dascentre.educ.ualberta.ca/ The purpose of this study was to determine if phonemic awareness skills improved for first grade students classified as at‐risk whose teachers used the Lindamood Phoneme Sequencing Program (LiPS; Lindamood & Lindamood,…

Development of Phonological and Orthographic Skill: A 2- Year Longitudinal Study of Dyslexic Children

Manis, F. R., Custodio, R., & Szeszulski, P. A. (1993). Development of phonological and orthographic skill: A 2-year longitudinal study of dyslexic children. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 56(1), 64–86. https://doi.org/10.1006/jecp.1993.1026 Twenty-one dyslexic children, ages 9-15, were administered a battery of tests on two occasions separated by 2 years to assess the development of word recognition and…

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Your child can start thriving with Lindamood-Bell Academy. We provide personalized learning that is tailored to each student’s needs. Attend in person or live online. 🌟 Watch our Virtual Open House to learn more and get started! Follow the link in our bio, @lindamoodbellofficial. . . . #LindamoodBellAcademy #LindamoodBell #privateschool

📚 Unlock the Benefits of Daily Reading! 🌟
Did you know that just 20 minutes of reading each day can have a profound impact on your child’s vocabulary, comprehension, and overall academic success? Whether it’s fiction, non-fiction, or poetry, consistent reading helps broaden their knowledge and understanding of the world.

Discover how daily reading builds lifelong learning skills and why skipping those 20 minutes is not an option!

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📚 Unlock the Benefits of Daily Reading! 🌟 Did you know that just 20 minutes of reading each day can have a profound impact on your child’s vocabulary, comprehension, and overall academic success? Whether it’s fiction, non-fiction, or poetry, consistent reading helps broaden their knowledge and understanding of the world. Discover how daily reading builds lifelong learning skills and why skipping those 20 minutes is not an option! Visit our blog to learn more, follow the link in our bio, @lindamoodbellofficial. . . . #lindamoodbell #reading

Missed our Parent Insight events? Catch up anytime, now available on demand!
Get valuable, firsthand information about Lindamood-Bell’s instruction for reading and comprehension. Our recent `Parent Insights` webinars offer a closer look at what makes our approach so effective. Watch now to learn how we can help your child succeed. Follow the link in our bio, @lindamoodbellofficial.

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Missed our Parent Insight events? Catch up anytime, now available on demand! Get valuable, firsthand information about Lindamood-Bell’s instruction for reading and comprehension. Our recent 'Parent Insights' webinars offer a closer look at what makes our approach so effective. Watch now to learn how we can help your child succeed. Follow the link in our bio, @lindamoodbellofficial.

Lindamood-Bell helps students of all ages and abilities catch up or get ahead in reading, comprehension, and math through daily intensive instruction tailored to each student’s needs. Contact your local learning center today for special school year savings on both in-person and online instruction! Get started at the link in our bio, @lindamoodbellofficial
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#lindamoodbell #tutor #testimonial

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Lindamood-Bell helps students of all ages and abilities catch up or get ahead in reading, comprehension, and math through daily intensive instruction tailored to each student’s needs. Contact your local learning center today for special school year savings on both in-person and online instruction! Get started at the link in our bio, @lindamoodbellofficial . . . #lindamoodbell #tutor #testimonial

Our Learning Center helps students strengthen skills in reading, comprehension, and math using our unique sensory-cognitive approach.
Join us in person or live online!
📚🚀Act now to take advantage of our exclusive school-year instruction offer—Learn More, Save More!
Get started at the link in our bio, @lindamoodbellofficial.

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Our Learning Center helps students strengthen skills in reading, comprehension, and math using our unique sensory-cognitive approach. Join us in person or live online! 📚🚀Act now to take advantage of our exclusive school-year instruction offer—Learn More, Save More! Get started at the link in our bio, @lindamoodbellofficial.

Is your child struggling with ADHD or dyslexia? Discover the connection between these learning challenges and how early support can transform their academic journey. At Lindamood-Bell, our evidence-based programs are designed to help your child thrive.

👉 Read more in our latest blog post, follow the link in our bio, @lindamoodbellofficial.

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Is your child struggling with ADHD or dyslexia? Discover the connection between these learning challenges and how early support can transform their academic journey. At Lindamood-Bell, our evidence-based programs are designed to help your child thrive. 👉 Read more in our latest blog post, follow the link in our bio, @lindamoodbellofficial.

Discover the difference at Lindamood-Bell Academy, where students thrive in an accredited California private school designed to unlock their full potential.

✅ Evidence-based programs
✅ Customized K-12 curriculum
✅ Available in person or live online
🌟 Limited Time Offer: Get 15% off one month’s tuition when you enroll now. Join our Virtual Open House to learn more. Follow the link in our bio, @lindamoodbellofficial.
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#LindamoodBellAcademy #LindamoodBell #privateschool

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Discover the difference at Lindamood-Bell Academy, where students thrive in an accredited California private school designed to unlock their full potential. ✅ Evidence-based programs ✅ Customized K-12 curriculum ✅ Available in person or live online 🌟 Limited Time Offer: Get 15% off one month’s tuition when you enroll now. Join our Virtual Open House to learn more. Follow the link in our bio, @lindamoodbellofficial. . . . #LindamoodBellAcademy #LindamoodBell #privateschool

🎧 New Podcast Episode! 🎧
Tune in as Paul Worthington, Lindamood-Bell’s Director of Research and Development, explores the connection between learning disabilities and attention challenges. Many children are diagnosed with ADHD without a full understanding of their learning profiles. In this episode, Paul discusses how to better diagnose and support students, offering insights from longitudinal data and customized interventions to address both learning and attention needs. Listen now at the link in our bio, @lindamoodbellofficial
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#LindamoodBell #podcast #ADHD

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🎧 New Podcast Episode! 🎧 Tune in as Paul Worthington, Lindamood-Bell’s Director of Research and Development, explores the connection between learning disabilities and attention challenges. Many children are diagnosed with ADHD without a full understanding of their learning profiles. In this episode, Paul discusses how to better diagnose and support students, offering insights from longitudinal data and customized interventions to address both learning and attention needs. Listen now at the link in our bio, @lindamoodbellofficial . . . #LindamoodBell #podcast #ADHD

Lindamood-Bell live-online instruction is one-to-one, engaging, and effective. Research shows that our live-online students achieve significant gains, just like our in-person students!

✨ Hurry for special school year savings. The more sessions you schedule, the more you save!
Get info at the link in our bio, @lindamoodbellofficial.
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#lindamoodbell #onlinetutor #testimonial

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Lindamood-Bell live-online instruction is one-to-one, engaging, and effective. Research shows that our live-online students achieve significant gains, just like our in-person students! ✨ Hurry for special school year savings. The more sessions you schedule, the more you save! Get info at the link in our bio, @lindamoodbellofficial. . . . #lindamoodbell #onlinetutor #testimonial

🌟 Is your child struggling in school? Personalized learning can make a huge difference! Now is the perfect time to get started. Secure your child’s instruction for the school year and enjoy up to 15% off!

✨ Learn more, save more! Take advantage of special discounts available from September through May. The more sessions you schedule, the more you save!

📚 Flexible Options: Our savings apply to both in-person and online instruction, so you can choose what works best for your family.

🔍 New to Lindamood-Bell? A comprehensive learning evaluation will uncover challenges and help create a tailored plan for your child’s success.

👉 Visit our website to learn more and get started today! Follow the link in our bio, @lindamoodbellofficial.

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🌟 Is your child struggling in school? Personalized learning can make a huge difference! Now is the perfect time to get started. Secure your child’s instruction for the school year and enjoy up to 15% off! ✨ Learn more, save more! Take advantage of special discounts available from September through May. The more sessions you schedule, the more you save! 📚 Flexible Options: Our savings apply to both in-person and online instruction, so you can choose what works best for your family. 🔍 New to Lindamood-Bell? A comprehensive learning evaluation will uncover challenges and help create a tailored plan for your child’s success. 👉 Visit our website to learn more and get started today! Follow the link in our bio, @lindamoodbellofficial.

📚 Is your child struggling with comprehension? 🤔

It’s not always easy to spot. While symptoms of decoding issues like dyslexia may be more obvious, comprehension weaknesses often go unnoticed. These hidden challenges can prevent students from fully understanding what they read or hear, impacting school performance and problem-solving in daily life.

If your child struggles with:
Remembering what they read
Problem-solving
Writing assignments
Following directions

They may need support developing their comprehension skills. 🌟 Visit our blog to discover the signs and get helpful tips on how to support your child. Follow the link in our bio, @lindamoodbellofficial.

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📚 Is your child struggling with comprehension? 🤔 It’s not always easy to spot. While symptoms of decoding issues like dyslexia may be more obvious, comprehension weaknesses often go unnoticed. These hidden challenges can prevent students from fully understanding what they read or hear, impacting school performance and problem-solving in daily life. If your child struggles with: Remembering what they read Problem-solving Writing assignments Following directions They may need support developing their comprehension skills. 🌟 Visit our blog to discover the signs and get helpful tips on how to support your child. Follow the link in our bio, @lindamoodbellofficial.

Is ADHD a learning disability? Not exactly—but it can make learning harder. Research shows that 30-50% of kids with ADHD also have a learning disability, and the overlap can complicate academic success. Learn how ADHD impacts learning and how targeted instruction at Lindamood-Bell helps students thrive. Read more on our blog! Follow the link in our bio, @lindamoodbellofficial.

Open
Is ADHD a learning disability? Not exactly—but it can make learning harder. Research shows that 30-50% of kids with ADHD also have a learning disability, and the overlap can complicate academic success. Learn how ADHD impacts learning and how targeted instruction at Lindamood-Bell helps students thrive. Read more on our blog! Follow the link in our bio, @lindamoodbellofficial.

Unlock your child’s potential at Lindamood-Bell Academy—our accredited California K-12 private school, where your child can thrive!

✓ Evidence-based programs
✓ Customized K-12 curriculum
✓ Interactive instruction—available in person or live online

🌟 Special Offer: Enroll now and enjoy 15% off a month of tuition!
👉 Watch our Virtual Open House to learn more. Follow the link in our bio, @lindamoodbellofficial.
.
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.
#LindamoodBellAcademy #LindamoodBell #privateschool

Open
Unlock your child’s potential at Lindamood-Bell Academy—our accredited California K-12 private school, where your child can thrive! ✓ Evidence-based programs ✓ Customized K-12 curriculum ✓ Interactive instruction—available in person or live online 🌟 Special Offer: Enroll now and enjoy 15% off a month of tuition! 👉 Watch our Virtual Open House to learn more. Follow the link in our bio, @lindamoodbellofficial. . . . #LindamoodBellAcademy #LindamoodBell #privateschool

🎧 New Podcast Episode Alert! 🎧
Join Beth Nations, Lindamood-Bell’s Director of Learning Centers, and her teenage daughter, Abbie, as they share Abbie’s incredible journey with our comprehension instruction. 🌟 Hear how Abbie overcame learning challenges, built confidence, and developed the skills to succeed both in school and life. Don’t miss this inspiring conversation!

🎙️ Listen now, follow the link in our bio, @lindamoodbellofficial
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#LindamoodBell #podcast #testimonial

Open
🎧 New Podcast Episode Alert! 🎧 Join Beth Nations, Lindamood-Bell’s Director of Learning Centers, and her teenage daughter, Abbie, as they share Abbie’s incredible journey with our comprehension instruction. 🌟 Hear how Abbie overcame learning challenges, built confidence, and developed the skills to succeed both in school and life. Don’t miss this inspiring conversation! 🎙️ Listen now, follow the link in our bio, @lindamoodbellofficial . . . #LindamoodBell #podcast #testimonial
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