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Research Articles

 
 

Numerous peer-reviewed articles based on studies examining the effectiveness of the Lindamood-Bell programs have been published in scholarly journals.

Below, you will find information on these research articles including references, abstracts, links to the articles in their entirety, and more.

From word reading to multisentence comprehension: Improvements in brain activity in children with autism after reading intervention

Murdaugh, D. L., Deshpande, H. D., & Kana, R. K. (2017). From word reading to multisentence comprehension: Improvements in brain activity in children with autism after reading intervention. Neuroimage, 16, 303-312. doi:10.1002/aur.1503

Development of the Left Arcuate Fasciculus is Linked to Learning Gains in Reading, but not Math

This collaboration between Stanford University, Vanderbilt University, and the University of Washington continues exploring the dynamic relationship between white matter neuronal development and learning gains through a longitudinal lens. The study followed 101 students from the southern United States from first to fourth grade, tracking their reading and math scores along with brain scans that…

Small or absent Visual Word Form Area is a trait of dyslexia

Conducted in collaboration with LBLP, this study from Stanford University investigated how the brains of dyslexic learners adapt to reading interventions over time. The study focuses on whether differences in the visual word form area (VWFA)—a crucial region in the left ventral occipitotemporal cortex (VOTC) responsible for recognizing written words—are a stable trait of dyslexia…

Learning difficulties: Symptoms, causes, and solutions

From the Proceedings of the Braga 2014 Embracing Inclusive Approaches for Children and Youth with Special Education Needs Conference in Portugal, Lindamood-Bell Learning Processes (LBLP) presented a meta-analysis based on clinical literacy research from its Learning Centers across the United States. The second study was for a School Turnaround reform study in Colorado’s high-poverty, high-minority…

Socioeconomic Status and Reading Disability: Neuroanatomy and Plasticity in Response to Intervention

Romeo, R. R., Christodoulou, J. A., Halverson, K. K., Murtagh, J., Cyr, A. B., Schimmel, C., … Chang, P. (2017). Socioeconomic status and reading disability: Neuroanatomy and plasticity in response to intervention. Cerebral Cortex, 28, 2297-2312. doi:10.1093/cercor/bhx131

Research Abstracts and Articles

Over the past thirty-five years, Lindamood-Bell Learning Processes® and our research collaborators have amassed a large body of evidence indicating that all individuals can learn to their potential. In this research summary, you will find peer-reviewed, independent, and collaborative research conducted by the founders of Lindamood-Bell and various universities. These studies have significantly advanced the…

Development of an Innovative Dual-Coded Multimedia Application to Improve Reading Comprehension of Students With Imagery Deficit

Wang, L., & Li, J. (2019). Development of an Innovative Dual-Coded Multimedia Application to Improve Reading Comprehension of Students with Imagery Deficit. Journal of Educational Computing Research, 57(1), 170-200. Doi: 10.1177/0735633117746748 This study describes the development of an innovative multimedia application and examines teacher perceptions of its usefulness in assisting students with imagery deficit to…

Phonological Awareness Intervention: Comparison of Fast ForWord, Earobics, and LiPS

Pokorni, J. L., Worthington, C. K., & Jamison, P. J. (2004). Phonological awareness intervention: comp;arison of Fast ForWord, Earobics, and LiPS. The Journal of Educational Research, 93(3), 147-157. https://doi.org/10.3200/JOER.97.3.147-158 Researchers have found that training in phonemic awareness (PA), a fundamental element for reading acquisition, is effective in varying degrees, depending on characteristics of the audience….

Reading intervention and neuroplasticity: A systematic review and meta-analysis of brain changes associated with reading intervention

Perdue, M. V., Mahaffy, K., Vlahcevic, K., Wolfman, E., Erbeli, F., Richlan, F., & Landi, N. (2021). Reading intervention and neuroplasticity: A systematic review and meta-analysis of brain changes associated with reading intervention. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 132 (2022), 465-494. doi: 10.1016/j.neurobiorev.2021.11.011 Behavioral research supports the efficacy of intervention for reading disability, but the brain…

Toward a Unified Theory of Reading

Sadoski, M., & Paivio, A. (2007). Toward a unified theory of reading. Scientific Studies of Reading, 11(4), 337-356. doi: 10.1080/10888430701530714 Despite nearly 40 years of scientific theorizing about reading, the field remains fragmented with little progress toward unification. In this article, we (a) emphasize the privileged position of unified theories in all science, (b) compare…

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Educators: struggling to close math achievement gaps?
Many students cannot form mental images of math concepts, leading to memorization instead of real understanding.
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If your child is struggling with math, it may not be because they are not trying hard enough. When math doesn’t make sense, students may resort to memorization rather than truly understanding what they are doing.
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