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Understanding the Signs of Dyslexia

Oct 2, 2025
 
 

understanding the signs of dyslexia

 

Dyslexia is a learning difficulty that primarily affects reading and spelling. While children develop at their own pace, parents may notice when their child struggles with reading, especially compared to siblings or peers. Early identification and intervention are key to overcoming these challenges. By recognizing the signs of dyslexia early, parents can seek timely support that significantly boosts a child’s reading skills and confidence.

At Lindamood-Bell, we believe all individuals, including those diagnosed with dyslexia, can be taught to read and comprehend to their full potential. Our evidence-based, individualized instruction strengthens the sensory-cognitive processes essential for reading and comprehension success.

 

 

Our process begins with a comprehensive Learning Ability Evaluation to identify underlying learning challenges and gain a clear understanding of your child’s unique needs. Based on this evaluation, we create a personalized instruction plan designed to address the root causes of your child’s learning difficulties. Take the first step toward transforming your child’s future—schedule a Learning Ability Evaluation today.

 

Roan’s Story: A Journey to Reading Success for a Student with Dyslexia

Roan’s mother, Ruth, noticed early on that Roan struggled with reading. He would come home from school feeling frustrated and upset, often in tears. Shortly after, Roan was diagnosed with dyslexia and could not read even a single word.

Ruth turned to Lindamood-Bell for support, and after participating in our intensive online instruction, Roan was reading at grade level. His remarkable transformation highlights the impact of our approach.

Watch Roan’s story:  

 

Signs of Dyslexia

While reading avoidance and frustration are common signs of dyslexia, there are specific behaviors to look out for:

1. Sounding Out Words  

Students with dyslexia often struggle to decode words. They might skip or substitute sounds, leading to inaccurate reading. For example, a child may read “steam” instead of “stream.”

2. Sight Words  

Children with dyslexia may have difficulty remembering sight words such as “eye” and “thought.”

3. Reading Fluency  

Even when they can decode words, students with dyslexia may not read fluently. Their reading may sound choppy or disjointed, which can interfere with understanding the meaning of the text.

4. Spelling  

Spelling challenges often accompany dyslexia. Even if a student can spell phonetically, they may not remember the visual patterns of words (orthography).

 

One possible cause of these difficulties with reading and spelling is weak symbol imagery—the ability to visualize letters and words. A significant number of students—even those who have well-developed phonemic awareness—have difficulty rapidly perceiving sounds in words and are slow to self-correct their reading errors. Individuals of all ages can experience the symptoms of weak symbol imagery. 

This causes weakness in:

  • Memorizing sight words
  • Sounding out words
  • Orthographic awareness
  • Phonemic awareness
  • Contextual reading fluency
  • Orthographic spelling

Our instruction features the Seeing Stars program, which develops symbol imagery for reading and spelling. Long overlooked in reading research, symbol imagery is an important function that can now be assessed and developed.

 

How Reading Intervention Changes the Brains of Children with Dyslexia

Recent research titled “Rapid and widespread white matter plasticity during an intensive reading intervention” was published in the journal Nature. The study, from the Institute for Learning and Brain Sciences, University of Washington (UW), examined growth in reading skills and white matter in school-aged, struggling readers. Diffusion MRI data collected during eight weeks of Lindamood-Bell intensive instruction indicates that there were large-scale changes in white matter along with growth in reading skills. In addition, the study identifies white matter tracts that may predict the ease with which a child learns how to read.

signs of dyslexia in the brain

 

Dr. Jason Yeatman, one of the study’s researchers, says that although dyslexia is often thought of as permanent, the findings indicate that the targeted, intensive instruction leads to “substantial” improvements in reading skills and changes in the “underlying wiring of the brain’s reading circuitry.” Read more and access the full article here.

Find more independent research studies and references here. 

Symbol imagery—the ability to visualize letters and words— can be improved through targeted instruction. Improved symbol imagery changes how students read and spell, regardless of their ages or their struggles with literacy—including students with dyslexia. 

Numerous peer-reviewed articles based on studies examining the effectiveness of Lindamood-Bell instruction with dyslexic students have been published in scholarly journals – Summary of Behavioral & Neurological Research—Dyslexia.

 

Hope for Students with Dyslexia

At Lindamood-Bell, students receive individualized instruction using one or more of our evidence-based programs. The Seeing Stars program develops skills needed for phonological processing and orthographic processing in reading and spelling. Seeing Stars instruction can address the needs of students previously diagnosed with dyslexia. From 2008 to 2023, we worked with over 3,000 students who self-reported a dyslexia diagnosis. These students experienced large (statistically significant) improvements in reading accuracy, fluency, and comprehension after receiving Seeing Stars instruction.

The following shows the reading performance, pre- and post-instruction, of all students who self-reported as having a diagnosis of dyslexia.

 

Lindamood-Bell® Learning Center Results—Students with Dyslexia

research results for students with dyslexia

Years: Jan. 2008 – Dec. 2023

Number of Students: 3,034

Average Age: 10.2

Average Hours of Instruction:  123.9

Lindamood-Bell Instruction Implemented: Seeing Stars

On average, students with a prior dyslexia diagnosis who received Seeing Stars instruction achieved significant improvements in reading. They made large (statistically significant) standard score changes on seven of eight measures. Vocabulary was not a targeted measure of instruction. The 20-point percentile increase in Word Recognition put these students well within the normal range (25th–75th percentile). The large average standard score change in Paragraph Reading Accuracy should also be noted.

Find additional Learning Center data, including growth made by students with ADHD, Specific Learning Disabilities, and Autism here.

 

Help for Dyslexia at Lindamood-Bell

instruction for students with signs of dyslexia

At Lindamood-Bell, we offer individualized, evidence-based instruction to help students with reading difficulties, including those diagnosed with dyslexia. Whether your child is newly diagnosed or has struggled for years, we believe dyslexia doesn’t have to be a lifelong challenge. For over 35 years, our sensory-cognitive approach has provided hope and lasting results, helping students overcome their reading challenges. We can help your child reach their full potential—learn more about our programs today. Call us at 800-233-1819 or request information.

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What’s the difference between Lindamood-Bell and Orton-Gillingham?

Our latest blog article explores the similarities and key differences between these approaches, including Lindamood-Bell’s emphasis on developing the sensory-cognitive processes that underlie reading, spelling, and comprehension.

Read the full article at the link in bio, @lindamoodbellofficial.
🎧 New Podcast Episode: A Parent’s Perspective on Lindamood-Bell Live-Online Instruction for Dyslexia
In our latest podcast episode, a mother shares her son’s journey with dyslexia and the impact personalized instruction had on his reading skills and confidence.
Through a combination of live-online and in-person reading instruction at our Learning Center, he developed the skills he needed to make meaningful academic progress.
Hear his story and his mother’s perspective on their Lindamood-Bell experience.
👉 Listen to the full episode at the link in our bio, @lindamoodbellofficial.
🍂 Fall workshops are here, educators!
Strengthen your teaching with live-online workshops grounded in the cognitive science of learning and aligned with the science of reading and structured literacy.
• Practical strategies for reading, comprehension, and math
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Save 10% with code 26READY2LEARN10.
Reserve your spot through the link in our bio, @lindamoodbellofficial.
Dyslexia is complex, but understanding its causes can help parents and educators make informed decisions about support. Our latest article explores what research tells us about dyslexia, common misconceptions, and the evidence behind effective intervention. Read more at the link in bio, @lindamoodbellofficial.
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Many people know phoneme awareness is important, but fewer understand how it fits into the bigger picture of reading development. Our latest blog explains what phoneme awareness is, how it differs from phonics, signs a student may need support, and why successful reading depends on more than phoneme awareness alone.
Whether you're a parent or educator, this guide offers practical insights into the sensory-cognitive functions that support reading.

Read the blog at the link in our bio, @lindamoodbellofficial.
🎥 Now Available On-Demand: Why Some Students Thrive in Smaller Learning Environments: Lindamood-Bell Academy

Could a smaller school make a big difference for your child? In this webinar, explore which students often benefit from a more individualized learning environment, how personalized instruction can build confidence and academic growth, and how Lindamood-Bell Academy's flexible approach is tailored to each student's learning needs.
Watch on demand and learn whether a smaller learning environment could help your child thrive.

👉 Watch now at the link in our bio, @lindamoodbellofficial.
📚 Attention Teachers: Back-to-school savings are here!
Strengthen your instruction with live, interactive Lindamood-Bell professional development.
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Join us for the second session of our webinar series exploring the research, instruction, and outcomes behind meaningful learning change.

Why Some Students Thrive in Smaller Learning Environments: Lindamood-Bell Academy

📅 July 30, 2026
⏰ 10 AM PT | 1 PM ET | 6 PM BST

Could a smaller learning environment help your child thrive? We'll explore which students often benefit from smaller class sizes, how individualized instruction builds confidence and academic growth, and how a flexible curriculum can be tailored to each student's learning needs.

Register for free at the link. If you can't attend live, we'll email the recording to everyone who registers after the event. https://bit.ly/4wtLymN 
Tap the link in our bio, @lindamoodbellofficial.
As we celebrate 40 years of changing lives through learning, we’re honored to mark another milestone. Thank you, @slochamber, for helping us celebrate the Grand Re-Opening of our San Luis Obispo Learning Center and its designation as our Flagship Learning Center!
For more info tap the link in our bio, @lindamoodbellofficial.
Every family's learning journey is unique, and we're honored to be part of Jessica's. ✨

Thank you for sharing how Lindamood-Bell Online Instruction has supported your children, Jessica. Stories like yours give hope to parents searching for answers.

Learn more about Lindamood-Bell learning center instruction, available in person or live online, at the link in our bio, @lindamoodbellofficial.
📚Educators: Strengthen your literacy instruction with Lindamood-Bell.

Every student deserves instruction that helps them succeed. Lindamood-Bell® professional development workshops equip educators with evidence-based tools to strengthen literacy instruction and better support students, especially those who need it most.

Our live, interactive workshops are aligned with the science of reading and structured literacy and feature our founders' programs, including Seeing Stars® and Visualizing and Verbalizing®.
Register at least 30 days before your workshop to save 10%. Early registration is the best way to secure your spot, as many workshops fill before registration closes.

View the workshop schedule and register today at the link in bio @lindamoodbellofficial.
🎉 You're invited!

Join us as we celebrate the designation of our San Luis Obispo location as Lindamood-Bell's Flagship Learning Center, a hub for innovation, training, and demonstration that will help advance best practices across our more than 46 learning centers worldwide.

Grand Reopening & Ribbon Cutting
📅 Wednesday, July 22, 4:00 p.m.
📍 412 Higuera Street, San Luis Obispo, CA

Families, educators, and community members are invited to tour the learning center, meet Flagship Learning Center Director Emily Hoffman and our instructional team, and learn more about our evidence-based instruction for reading, comprehension, and math.

We'd love to celebrate with you! Learn more at the link in our bio, @lindamoodbellofficial.
You're invited to celebrate with us!

Lindamood-Bell is proud to celebrate the designation of our San Luis Obispo location as our Flagship Learning Center with a special Open House & Ribbon Cutting. The center will serve as a hub for innovation, training, and demonstration, helping advance best practices across our more than 46 learning centers worldwide.

📅 Wednesday, July 22, 4:00 p.m.
📍 412 Higuera Street, San Luis Obispo, CA

Families, educators, and community members are invited to tour the learning center, meet Flagship Learning Center Director Emily Hoffman and our team, and learn more about Lindamood-Bell's evidence-based instruction for reading, comprehension, and math.

We look forward to welcoming the San Luis Obispo community as we celebrate this exciting new chapter. Learn more at the link in our bio, @lindamoodbellofficial.
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Join us for Lindamood-Bell Academy Week, July 13–17, and experience our school firsthand.

✨ Special offer: Enroll by August 14, 2026 for the 2026–27 school year and receive 20% off one month of tuition.

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