Decoding
Reading Difficulties
The following comparative growth analysis shows statistically significant mean gains for Lindamood-Bell sensory-cognitive in-person and live-online students from 2017 to 2025, including all students who received instruction during the pandemic.
This analysis includes students who received instruction for decoding only.
The gains of students who have received live-online instruction are comparable in growth to those of in-person students. The standard score gains for both populations are large.
More specifically, other than vocabulary, which was not addressed, both populations achieved medium to large standard score gains, with live-online and in-person students testing statistically significantly higher on post-instruction on eight of nine measures.
Results from an ANOVA statistical test of comparative significance (p<.05) indicate that Word Attack, Word Recognition, Rate, Accuracy, Fluency, and Vocabulary (six of nine measures) were comparable in growth between the two populations.
Results of Students Who Received Decoding Instruction Only

Summary
Lindamood-Bell Instruction Implemented:
Seeing Stars
Years:
2017 – August 2025
Number of Students:
In-Person Students n=3,737
Live-Online Students n=1,016
Average Age:
In-Person Students: 9.7
Live-Online Students: 10.4
Average Instruction Hours:
In-Person Students: 116.6
Live-Online Students: 117.8
